Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version)  2019, Vol. 7 Issue (4): 274-281 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2019.04.008 |
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| The effect of n-3 polysaturated fatty acids content in breast milk of parturients with gestational diabetes mellitus on the early growth and development of infants |
| HE Su-jian, LIU Xi-hong, YANG Bo, et al
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| (1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510623, China; 2. Department of Nutrition, Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510800, China; 3. Child Healthcare Department, Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510800, China; 4. Department of Obstetrics, Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510800, China) |
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Abstract 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the relation between the changes of n -3 polysaturated fatty acid content (PUFA) in breast milk of parturients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the early growth and development of infants. Methods From June 2016 to December 2017, 50 pairs of parturients with GDM and their newborns were admitted in the Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital as GDM group, 50 pairs of parturients without gestational complications and their newborns were selected as the control group. Colostrum (within 2～3 d after delivery), transitional milk (12～14 d), and mature milk (1 month, 3 months) were collected. The energy, carbohydrate, fat and protein in breast milk were determined by breast milk analyzer. The contents of EPA, DHA and ɑ-ALA in breast milk were determined by gas chromatography. The intake of various foods and nutrients for the mothers were investigated by the 24-hour diet review method. The development level of infants' intelligence and behavior was measured by Gesell Development Diagnostic Scale. The t test, χ2 test, and Spearman correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results At the age of 1, 2 and 3 months, the net increment of body length, body weight and head circumference for infants in GDM group were lower than those in control group (P﹤0.05). At the age of 1 month, the scores of adaptability, gross motor movements and individual social contact development quotient in GDM group were lower than those in control group (P﹤ 0.05). At the age of 3 months, the scores of gross motor movements, fine movements and language development quotient in GDM group were lower than those in control group (P﹤ 0.05). The total of developmental quotient at the age of 1 month and 3 months in GDM group was lower than that in control group (P﹤0.05). The contents of ɑ-ALA and EPA in the breast milk for the two groups gradually increased by month. But the content of DHA gradually decreased by month. The contents of DHA, EPA and ɑ-ALA in breast milk in GDM group were lower than those in the control group at each time with statistical significance (P﹤0.05). At 3 months after delivery, the content of DHA in breast milk was positively correlated with the net increment of body length, weight, head circumference and total development quotient in GDM group (P﹤ 0.05); EPA content was positively correlated with net increment of infant's body weight, head circumference and total development quotient (P﹤0.05), ɑ-ALA content was positively correlated with the net increment of infant's body weight (P﹤0.05). However, those indexes showed no significant correlation with the DHA, EPA and ɑ-ALA in the control group (P﹥0.05). Conclusions The low content of n-3PUFA in breast milk of GDM mothers in early postpartum period leads to the poor growth and development index of infants. The content of n-3PUFA in breast milk is positively correlated with some indexes of infant growth and development.
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Received: 20 January 2019
Published: 14 November 2019
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