Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version)  2024, Vol. 12 Issue (6): 422-431 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.06.003 |
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| Cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis of gut microbiota characteristics in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| Liang Yan, Ma Guannan, Wan Lin, et al
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(1. Department of Pediatrics, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; 2. Beijing Xingchen Translational Medical Industry Research Institute, Beijing 102600, China)
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Abstract 【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the differences in gut microbiota between children with attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy children, and evaluate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and ADHD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, aiming to investigate the pathogenesis of ADHD. Method From January to December 2019, fecal samples were collected from 25 children with ADHD and 25 healthy children at the Department of Pediatric Outpatient the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, metagenomic sequencing was performed to evaluate the differences in composition and function of gut microbiota between the two groups. Two-way MR analysis was conducted using the PGC database, and three regression models, including inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimator (WME) were used to analyze the causal relationship between gut microbiota and ADHD. Statistical methods performed by χ2 test and independent samples t-test. Result There were significant differences in α and β diversity of gut microbiota between the ADHD and healthy children groups [Shannon index, P=0.018; permutation multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) test, P=0.026]. Twenty-one bacterial species were significantly associated with ADHD, with 14 bacterial species enriched in the ADHD (including Ruminococcus) and 7 bacterial species
reduced in ADHD. The positive MR analysis results suggested that 13 bacterial species may be risk
factors for ADHD, including Ruminococcus (OR=1.149，95% CI: 1.035-1.276 P=0.009). However, the
reverse MR analysis results did not show any statistically significant differences in bacteria associated
with ADHD, suggesting that ADHD may not be the cause of gut dysbiosis. Conclusion There are
differences in composition and function of gut microbiota between children with ADHD and healthy
children, and Ruminococcus may be a risk factor for ADHD.
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Received: 02 August 2024
Published: 27 November 2024
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