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Abstract
Objective To investigate the potential value of pan-immune inflammation value (PIV), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) in early-onset preeclampsia (eoPE). Methods A retrospective study was conducted. A total of 70 pregnant women with eoPE who received standardized prenatal care at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from October 2022 to October 2024 were enrolled as the eoPE group (n=70). Meanwhile, 140 healthy pregnant women undergoing routine prenatal examination in the same hospital during the identical period were recruited as the control group (n=140). The levels of PIV, PNI and SIRI were detected and compared between the two groups. The correlations between each indicator and eoPE were further analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to determine the optimal cut-off values of these indices. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test. Results The levels of PIV and PNI in the eoPE group were significantly lower than those in the control group (591.94±174.65 vs 776.13±243.22, 41.13±5.85 vs 46.71±4.70, all P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in SIRI between the two groups of pregnant women (4.45±3.74 vs 5.36±4.32, P=0.116). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the optimal cut-off value of PIV for predicting eoPE was 647.52, with a sensitivity of 67.14%, a specificity of 64.29%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.711 (95% CI: 0.642–0.783, P<0.001). The optimal cut-off value of PNI was 44.43, yielding a sensitivity of 74.29% and a specificity of 72.14% for eoPE prediction, with an AUC of 0.769 (95% CI: 0.697–0.841, P<0.001). Conclusions PIV and PNI are significantly altered in pregnant women with eoPE and exhibit moderate predictive performance for this disorder, with PNI showing superior predictive value compared with PIV; SIRI demonstrates no predictive effect on eoPE. Peripheral blood PIV and PNI serve as convenient inflammatory-nutritional biomarkers for clinical auxiliary screening and prediction of eoPE.
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2026, Vol. 14 
