Abstract: Objective To analyze the carotid artery plaque in different stages of menopause and to explore the related factors that influence the formation of carotid plaque. Methods From November 2014 to June 2015, 224 patients who were admitted to the clinic and physical examination center of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, aged 40 to 55 years old, with uterus and at least one ovary, and never received menopause hormone treatment were included. According to the stages of reproductive aging workshop+10, they were divided into the late reproductive group (53 cases), the perimenopausal group (70 cases), and the postmenopausal group (101 cases). According to the thickness of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques by ultrasonography, they were divided into normal group (164 cases), IMT thickening group (27 cases) and plaque formation group (33 cases). The weight index, blood pressure, blood lipid and fasting blood glucose were compared; carotid artery anomalies in different stages of reproductive aging were compared; and the risk factors of carotid artery IMT thickening and plaque formation were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by variance analysis, rank sum test, χ2 test, or Fisher's exact test. Results Compared BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, systolic pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein(LDL) and fasting blood sugar of the late reproductive,perimenopausal and postmenopausal group, there were no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Triglyceride (TG) of postmenopausal group was higher than the other two groups ［1.41 (1.14-1.95) vs 1.14 (0.77-1.50) and 1.21 (0.87-1.55) , P < 0.05］, and high density lipoprotein（HDL) was lower than the former two groups ［1.40 (1.26-1.69) vs 1.55 (1.36-1.88) and 1.47 (1.31-1.86), P < 0.05］. Although IMT thickening and the proportion of carotid plaques of postmenopausal group ［16.8% (17/101) and 15.8% (16/101)］ were higher than that of late reproductive group ［7.6% (4/53) and 13.2% (7/53)］ and perimenopausal group ［8.6% (6/70) and 14.3% (10/70)］, but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). However, the proportion of unstable plaques in the perimenopausal group ［70.0% (7/10)］ was higher than that of the late reproductive group ［14.3% (1/7)］ and postmenopausal group ［25.0% (4/16)］ (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for IMT thickening were increase of diastolic blood pressure, age and LDL ( OR=14.397, 4.948 and 3.209 respectively); the risk factors for carotid plaque were increase of TG, age and LDL (OR=4.375, 3.979 and 3.575 respectively ) (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Along the progress of menopause, the blood lipid index level of women's TG and HDL changed. Diastolic blood pressure, age and LDL are risk factors for IMT thickening, and TG, age and LDL are risk factors for carotid plaque.
周梦 郭雪桃 丛新茹 杨嘉琦 韩超. 绝经前后妇女颈动脉斑块情况及相关因素分析[J]. 发育医学电子杂志, 2017, 5(2): 87-92.
ZHOU Meng, GUO Xue-tao, CONG Xin-ru, YANG Jia-qi, HAN Chao. Analysis for carotid artery plaque of premenopausal and postmenopausal women and related factors. Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version), 2017, 5(2): 87-92.
2017, Vol. 5 
