基因编辑技术研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2019.03.016

发育医学电子杂志

2019, Vol. 7

Issue (3): 235-240 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2019.03.016

发育基础综述

基因编辑技术研究进展

何景进　王慧　付雪梅

中山大学附属第八医院

Research progress of gene editing technologies

HE Jing-jin, WANG Hui, FU Xue-mei

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摘要基因编辑的第1 个关键步骤是在基因组靶点处引发DNA 双链断裂（double-strand breaks，DSB）。DSB 可以激活细胞的内源性DNA 修复机制。内源性DNA 修复机制主要分为两种：非同源末端连接（non-homologous end joining，NHEJ）和有模板DNA 存在的同源性定向修复（homologydirected repair，HDR）^［1-2］（图1）。NHEJ 虽然高效但容易出错，相同断裂位点的重复修复会导致靶点处DNA 的插入（insertion）或缺失（deletion）^［3］，这些插入、缺失通过改变阅读框来破坏靶基因的表达，导致mRNA 降解或产生非功能性蛋白^［4］，从而达到基因敲除的目的。

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关键词: 基因编辑技术')" href="#">

基因编辑技术锌指核酸酶转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶 CRISPR/Cas9核酸酶

')" href="#">CRISPR/Cas9核酸酶

收稿日期: 2018-05-25 出版日期: 2019-07-30 发布日期: 2019-07-29 期的出版日期: 2019-07-30

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（815300045，81373166）；国家科技部863 课题（2015AA020310）；
深圳市发展和改革委员会资助项目（深发改2016886 号）

通讯作者: 付雪梅 E-mail: fxmzj2004@163.com

引用本文:

何景进　王慧　付雪梅. 基因编辑技术研究进展[J]. 发育医学电子杂志, 2019, 7(3): 235-240.
HE Jing-jin, WANG Hui, FU Xue-mei. Research progress of gene editing technologies. Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version), 2019, 7(3): 235-240.

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