Oocyte activation deficiency: insights into molecular mechanisms and diagnostic tests
Yuan Lin, Sun Zhengyi
(Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China)
Abstract: 【Abstract】Oocyte activation is critical for successful fertilization and involves the coordinated action of complex molecular and signaling pathways. Complete fertilization failure undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) mainly due to oocyte activation deficiency. Oocyte activation deficiency is associated with both sperm and oocyte abnormalities. In the past, a large number of studies have neglected that the failure of induction of Calcium oscillations was the main mechanism of oocyte activation deficiency. In recent years, mutations in oocyte-associated proteins leading to oocyte activation deficiency have been widely reported.Meanwhile, a growing body of literature has demonstrated the importance of genetic screening, gene/protein expression assays, and PLCζ（phospholipase C zeta)-induced calcium oscillations in aiding the clarification of the etiology of oocyte activation deficiency. This paper summarizes the molecular mechanism of oocyte activation deficiency and the related diagnostic tests, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for oocyte activation-related research and reference for clinicians to develop individualized diagnostic and treatment plans for patients with fertilization failure.
2024, Vol. 12 
