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Abstract
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of different treatment regimens on childrenaged 6-9 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods A case-control study wasconducted, enrolling 218 children with ADHD treated in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from March 2020 to January 2022. Participants were divided into four groups based on different treatment regimens: parent training group (n=35), combined executive function training group (n=40), combined drug therapy group (n=75) and comprehensive treatment group (n=68). Parent training group : only parents of children with ADHD were trained. Combined executive function training group: on the basis of parental training, the children with ADHD were given executive function training. Combined drug therapy group: on the basis of parental training, children with ADHD were given Methylphenidate sustained-release tablets (MPH). Comprehensive treatment group: on the basis of parent training, MPH drug therapy and executive function training were combined. The scores of the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ), and the Chinese version of Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-Ⅳ scale (SNAP-Ⅳ)-parents in 4 groups were compared before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), LSD-t test and χ2 test. Results After treatment, the results of IVA-CPT scores showed that the hyperactivity quotient and attention quotient in the combined executive function training group, the combined drug therapy group, and the comprehensive treatment group were significantly higher than those in the parent training group [hyperactivity quotient: (94.38±26.37) points, (94.48±18.02) points, (101.37±15.27) points vs (67.03±16.03) points, F=28.927, P<0.001; attention quotient: (80.08±19.28) points, (82.36±25.32) points, (86.69±20.99) points vs (72.11±26.53) points, F=3.121, P=0.027]. The attention quotient in the combined drug therapy group and the comprehensive treatment group was superior to that in the combined executive function training group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). After treatment, the results of WISC-IV scores indicated that the verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, processing speed index, and full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) in the combined executive function group, the combined drug therapy group, and the comprehensive treatment group were higher than those in the parent training group [verbal comprehension index: (84.90±10.65) points, (89.76±12.80) points, (88.43±10.95) points vs (77.89±10.47) points, F=9.446, P<0.001; perceptual reasoning index: (90.00±12.74) points, (96.52±11.10) points, (99.74±14.42) points vs (84.40±15.00) points, F=12.612, P<0.001; processing speed index: (90.95±10.53) points, (94.09±11.30) points, (95.43±11.03) points vs (82.91±12.45) points, F=10.637, P<0.001; full-scale IQ: (86.80±8.51) points, (92.16±9.36) points, (95.29±10.78) points vs (78.54±9.90) points, F=25.338, P<0.001]. Moreover, the above indicators of the combined drug therapy group and the comprehensive treatment group were superior to those of the combined executive function training group(all P<0.05). After treatment, the results of SNAP-IV scores demonstrated that improvements in attention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional defiant symptoms in the combined executive function training group, the combined drug therapy group, and the comprehensive treatment group were superior to those in the parent training
group [attention: (1.29±0.53) points, (1.15±0.40) points, (1.08±0.51) points vs (2.29±0.49) points, F=57.167, P<0.001; hyperactivity-impulsivity: (1.15±0.49) points, (0.99±0.63) points, (1.01±0.40) points vs (1.51±0.41) points, F=9.633, P<0.001; oppositional defiance: (1.24±0.42) points, (1.00±0.49) points, (0.86±0.50) points vs (1.70±0.33) points, F=28.158, P<0.001]. Additionally, the above indicators of the combined drug therapy group and the comprehensive treatment group were superior to those of the combined executive function training group (all P<0.05). Conclusion For children aged 6-9 years with ADHD, comprehensive treatment and MPH drug therapy yielded optimal therapeutic outcomes, whereas executive function training showed moderate effectiveness. As a non-pharmacological intervention, executive function training provides a novel direction for early ADHD management.
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2026, Vol. 14 
