Abstract 【Abstract】 Objective To compare the differences between malnourished children and normal children in diversity of intestinal flora and character of composition by high-throughput sequence. Methods From January to June 2017, 20 malnourished children who were treated in the Child Healthcare Department of The Maternal Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were recruited. Meanwhile 20 healthy children were selected as control group. Fecal specimens were collected and bacterial DNA was extracted. The library was constructed through two-step PCR, and the V4/V5 region of 16S rDNA was amplified with high-throughput sequence. The results were analyzed by bioinformatics and the dilution curve was constructed. Alpha diversity was counted by mothur software. Heatmap analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA)/Redundancy Analysis (RDA) were analysed by R language. Data integration and classification were carried out at the level of phylum and genus species respectively. Results There was no statistical significance between malnutrition group and control group in terms of age, sex, mode of delivery, gestational age, and feeding. There was
no statistical significance in the species richness and evenness between the two groups. A total of 14 microorganisms for phylum were detected in intestinal flora from two groups, the number of OTU for Firmicutes and unclassified bacteria in malnutrition group was lower than that in control group, the number of OTU for Bacteroidetes in malnutrition group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05). A total of 154 microorganisms for genus were detected in intestinal flora in two groups, the OTUs of 24 genera, including Bacteroides, Lactobacillus and Roseburia, had statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). The
number of OTU for Bacteroides and Roseburia in malnutrition group was higher than that in control group, the number of OTU for Lactobacillus in malnutrition group was lower than that in control group. PCA analysis of samples in two groups showed that although it was close between malnutrition group and control group in distance , they were still clustered separately. Conclusions Malnourished children have lower contents of Firmicutes in phylum species, and higher contents of Bacteroides and Roseburia in genus species. The children's intestinal flora can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different bacteria to achieve the balance of bacteria, well absorption, a virtuous cycle of normal physical development.
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Received: 18 January 2019
Published: 26 July 2019
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2019, Vol. 7 
