Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version)  2025, Vol. 13 Issue (5): 338-343 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2025.05.003 |
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| Correlation between serum vitamin A and D levels and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants |
| Yang Zaojuan , Yi Bin , Li Jianhua， et al
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(1. Department of Neonatology, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Gansu, Lanzhou 730050, China; 2. Research Center, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Gansu, Lanzhou 730050, China; 3. Department of Digestion and Infection, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Gansu, Lanzhou 730050, China; 4. Department of Neonatology, Xunxian People's Hospital, Henan, Hebi 456250, China; 5. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Gansu, Lanzhou 730050, China)
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Abstract 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the correlation between serum vitamin A and D levels, and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Method A retrospective study was conducted, selecting 154 preterm infants born at Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital between December 2021 and December 2023 as the study subjects. Based on the occurrence of NEC, they were divided into the NEC group (n=77) and the control group (n=77). The general characteristics of the preterm infants in both groups, as well as their serum vitamin A and D levels on the 1st day, 1st week, 2nd week, and 1st month after birth were compared. Statistical methods were performed by χ2test or Fisher exact probability method, and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate influencing factors of NEC. Result Comparisons between the NEC group and the control group of preterm infants showed statistically significant differences in gestational
age and birth weight (all P<0.05). The rates of clinical vitamin A deficiency in the NEC group versus the control group on the 1st day, 1st week, and 2nd week after birth were 19.48% vs 6.49%, 19.48% vs 6.49%, and 6.49% vs 0, respectively. The rates in the NEC group were all higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The insufficiency rates of serum vitamin D in the NEC group and the control group on the 1st day, 1st week, 2 nd week, and 1st month after birth were 50.65% vs 6.49%, 44.16% vs 1.30%, 7.66% vs 1.30%, and 31.17% vs 1.30%, respectively. The rates in the NEC group were all higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). Results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of NEC was associated with low gestational age, low birth
weight, and low serum levels of vitamin A and D on the 1st day after birth in preterm infants (P values were 0.036, 0.049, 0.006, and 0.004, respectively). For each 1 nmol/L increase in serum vitamin A and D levels, the risk of developing NEC decreased by 0.901 and 0.897 times respectively. Conclusion The serum vitamin A and D levels of premature infants are associated with the occurrence of NEC, and vitamin A deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency are commonly present in premature infants with NEC group.
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Received: 19 July 2024
Published: 01 October 2025
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