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Abstract Objective To explore the correlation between fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), Omentin-1, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and idiopathic short stature (ISS) in children. Methods A prospective study was conducted. A total of 121 children with ISS admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2023 to June 2025 were enrolled as the observation group, and 110 healthy children who underwent physical examinations at the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. A comparative analysis of FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP levels between the observation group and the control group was conducted to evaluate their association with pediatric ISS. The predictive value of FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP levels for pediatric ISS was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors for pediatric ISS. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP levels and body weight, height, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-(OH)D) levels. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test, one-way analysis of variance, SNK-q test, and χ2-test. Results The body weight, height, and levels of 25-(OH)D, FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(23.43±3.95) kg vs (32.87±4.27) kg, (110.74±13.56) cm vs (131.42±18.74) cm, (21.43±3.28) μg/L vs (30.27±4.02) μg/L, (0.09±0.02) pg/L vs (0.13±0.02) pg/L, (0.05±0.01) ng/L vs (0.07±0.01) ng/L, (122.43±25.36) U/L vs (178.01±28.94) U/L, with t values of 17.454, 9.670, 18.379, 15.181, 15.181, 15.555, respectively, all P<0.001]. The Pearson correlation analysis results showed that FGFR2 was positively correlated with body weight, height, and 25-(OH)D (with r values of 0.613, 0.657, 0.601, all P<0.001); Omentin-1 was positively correlated with body weight, height, and 25-(OH)D (with r values of 0.763, 0.661, 0.712, all P<0.001); and BAP was positively correlated with body weight, height, and 25-(OH)D (with r values of 0.682, 0.635, 0.669, all P<0.001). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the combination of FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP yielded a higher area under the curve in predicting pediatric ISS compared to each individual indicator (P<0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified 25-(OH)D (OR=0.496, 95% CI: 0.419-0.573), FGFR2 (OR=0.526, 95% CI: 0.488-0.564), Omentin-1 (OR=0.506, 95% CI: 0.469-0.543), and BAP (OR=0.517, 95% CI: 0.438-0.596) as independent protective factors for pediatric ISS (all P<0.05). Conclusions The expression levels of FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP in
pediatric ISS are all reduced in pediatric ISS, and the increase in expression levels of these three factors
is a protective factor for pediatric ISS. Considering the combination of FGFR2, Omentin-1, and BAP in
pediatric ISS, it can serve as an auxiliary indicator to provide quantitative basis for early prediction of
ISS.
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2026, Vol. 14 
