先天性肛门直肠畸形,腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术,后矢状入路肛门成形术 ," /> 先天性肛门直肠畸形,腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术,后矢状入路肛门成形术 ,"/> <span style="line-height:2;font-size:14px;">腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术与后矢状入路肛门成形术</span><span style="line-height:2;font-size:14px;">治疗中高位先天性肛门直肠畸形的评价</span>
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发育医学电子杂志  2016, Vol. 4 Issue (1): 16-20    
  生长发育   专题笔谈 |
腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术与后矢状入路肛门成形术治疗中高位先天性肛门直肠畸形的评价
李帅 汤绍涛
李帅 汤绍涛(华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院 小儿外科,武汉 430022)
Evaluation of Laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty on the treatment of high and intermediate congenital anorectal malformation
LI Shuai, TANG Shao-tao
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摘要 先天性肛门直肠畸形(congenital anorectal malformation,ARM)是小儿最常见的消化道畸形,其发病率在新生儿中为1∶1 5005 000  。传统上根据直肠盲端与耻骨直肠肌的关系将ARM分为高位、中位和低位三类畸形,即 Wingspread 分型。因Wingspread  分型复杂,对手术方式指导不明确,后来基于是否存在瘘管和瘘管的位置制订了 ARM 的简化国际分型,即Krickenbeck  分类[1]。高/中位 ARM 手术治疗的发展大致可分为 4 个阶段,第 1 阶段(1953 年以前),直肠会阴贯通术:将直肠经会阴拖出与皮肤相吻合,解决了排便问题,但手术后几乎均存在大便失禁和肛门狭窄、便秘等问题。第 2 阶段(1953~1982年),腹、骶会阴肛门成形术:Stephens [2] 设计了骶部切口以便游离直肠,直视下修补直肠泌尿系瘘和准确定位耻骨直肠肌环的位置,将直肠从中拖出,部分患儿需要经腹腔操作。此术式使患儿术后排便控制功能有了明显提高。第3阶段(19822000年),后矢状入路肛门成形术(posterior sagittal anorectoplasty,PSARP),也称为Pe?a手术,由Pe?aDevries[3]1982年提出,即电刺激引导下的后矢状切口,正中劈开横纹肌复合体,直视下游离直肠和闭合泌尿系瘘,准确地将直肠放置于横纹肌复合体的中心。该手术使患儿术后的排便控制功能有了进一步的提高,术后大便失禁发生率明显减少,目前广泛地应用于中、高位AMR的治疗。但是此手术切口损伤大,需劈开横纹肌复合体,术后发生感染将引起严重后果,常需要保护性的结肠造瘘。第 4阶段(2000年至今),腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术(laparoscopic assisted anorectal pull-through,LAARP)。Georgeson[4]2000年首次报道了LAARP,手术从盆底可清楚显示直肠尿道瘘管及周围组织,准确放置直肠于肛提肌与外括约肌中央,腹部和会阴部切口小。
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关键词:  先天性肛门直肠畸形')" href="#">先天性肛门直肠畸形  腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术')" href="#">腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术  后矢状入路肛门成形术 ')" href="#">后矢状入路肛门成形术     
收稿日期:  2015-11-26                出版日期:  2016-01-30      发布日期:  2018-01-31      期的出版日期:  2016-01-30
通讯作者:  汤绍涛:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B1%A4%E7%BB%8D%E6%B6%9B/2139983?fr=aladdin    E-mail:  tshaotao83@126.com
引用本文:    
李帅 汤绍涛. 腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术与后矢状入路肛门成形术治疗中高位先天性肛门直肠畸形的评价[J]. 发育医学电子杂志, 2016, 4(1): 16-20.
LI Shuai, TANG Shao-tao. Evaluation of Laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty on the treatment of high and intermediate congenital anorectal malformation. Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version), 2016, 4(1): 16-20.
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