发育医学电子杂志 2016, Vol. 4 Issue (1): 16-20
生长发育
专题笔谈
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腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术与后矢状入路肛门成形术 治疗中高位先天性肛门直肠畸形的评价
李帅 汤绍涛
李帅 汤绍涛(华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院 小儿外科,武汉 430022)
Evaluation of Laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty on the treatment of high and intermediate congenital anorectal malformation
LI Shuai, TANG Shao-tao
摘要 先天性肛门直肠畸形(congenital anorectal malformation,ARM )是小儿最常见的消化道畸形,其发病率在新生儿中为1∶1 500 ~5 000 。传统上根据直肠盲端与耻骨直肠肌的关系将AR M 分为高位、中位和低位三类畸形,即 Wi ngspread 分型。因Wingspread 分型复杂,对手术方式指导不明确,后来基于是否存在瘘管和瘘管的位置制订了 ARM 的简化国际分型,即Krickenbeck 分类[1]。 高/中位 AR M 手术治疗的发展大致可分为 4 个阶段,第 1 阶段(1953 年以前),直肠会阴贯通术:将直肠经会阴拖出与皮肤相吻合,解决了排便问题,但手术后几乎均存在大便失禁和肛门狭窄、便秘等问题。第 2 阶段(1 953~1982 年),腹、骶会阴肛门成形术:Stephens [2] 设计了骶部切口以便游离直肠,直视下修补直肠泌尿系瘘和准确定位耻骨直肠肌环的位置,将直肠从中拖出,部分患儿需要经腹腔操作。此术式使患儿术后排便控制功能有了明显提高。第3 阶段(1982 至2000 年),后矢状入路肛门成形术(posterior sagittal anorectoplasty,PSARP ),也称为Pe?a 手术,由Pe?a 和Devries [3] 于1982 年提出,即电刺激引导下的后矢状切口,正中劈开横纹肌复合体,直视下游离直肠和闭合泌尿系瘘,准确地将直肠放置于横纹肌复合体的中心。该手术使患儿术后的排便控制功能有了进一步的提高,术后 大便失禁发生率明显减少,目前广泛地应用于中、高位AMR的治疗。但是此手术切口损伤大,需劈开横纹肌复合体,术后发生感染将引起严重后果,常需要保护性的结肠造瘘。第 4 阶段(2000 年至今),腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术(laparoscopic assisted anorectal pull-through,LA A RP )。Georgeson 等[4] 于2000 年首次报道了LAARP ,手术从盆底可清楚显示直肠尿道瘘管及周围组织,准确放置直肠于肛提肌与外括约肌中央,腹部和会阴部切口小。
关键词:
先天性肛门直肠畸形')" href="#">先天性肛门直肠畸形
腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术')" href="#">腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术
后矢状入路肛门成形术 ')" href="#">后矢状入路肛门成形术
收稿日期: 2015-11-26
出版日期: 2016-01-30
发布日期: 2018-01-31
期的出版日期: 2016-01-30
通讯作者:
汤绍涛:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B1%A4%E7%BB%8D%E6%B6%9B/2139983?fr=aladdin
E-mail: tshaotao83@126.com
引用本文:
李帅 汤绍涛. 腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术与后矢状入路肛门成形术 治疗中高位先天性肛门直肠畸形的评价 [J]. 发育医学电子杂志, 2016, 4(1): 16-20.
LI Shuai, TANG Shao-tao. Evaluation of Laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty on the treatment of high and intermediate congenital anorectal malformation . Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version), 2016, 4(1): 16-20.
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