发育医学电子杂志 2018, Vol. 6 Issue (2): 69-73
结构畸形
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先天畸形的胚胎早期诊断与治疗新进展
袁正伟
袁正伟 (中国医科大学附属盛京医院 小儿外科 卫生部小儿先天畸形重点实验 室,辽宁 沈阳 110004)
New progresses of embryo early diagnosis and medical treatment for congenital malformations
YUAN Zheng-wei
摘要 出生缺陷是指出生前已经存在、出生时或生后 数年内可以发现的结构或功能异常的疾病,严重的 出生缺陷可在生命早期即致死或致残,是导致早期 流产、死胎、围产儿死亡、婴幼儿死亡和先天残疾的 主要原因,而且其发生率呈现逐年上升的趋势[1-2] 。 目前,我国每年新增 80 万~ 120 万例出生缺陷患 儿,是出生缺陷的高发国家[3] 。我国现有 8 000 万 以上的残疾人,其中 70% 是由于出生缺陷所致,给 社会和家庭带来巨大的精神和经济负担。尤其是 随着国家二孩政策的全面放开,高龄、高危产妇数 量迅速增加,发育畸形的发生率也随之上升[4] 。在 所有出生缺陷病例中,约 80% 为具有明显结构异 常的先天畸形。目前常见的先天畸形包括先天性 心脏病、神经管发育缺陷、唇腭裂、四肢短缩、足内 翻、脑积水、生殖器异常、胎儿水肿、体腔血管发育 异常、多指趾、肠道 / 肛门闭锁等。由于先天畸形的 病因尚不清楚,涉及环境、遗传、表观遗传、营养、行 为、母体内分泌和代谢等诸多复杂因素。目前对于 先天畸形的治疗也缺乏有效手段,许多患儿需要终 生治疗,严重影响生活质量。因此,建立先天畸形 胚胎早期诊断与干预新方法具有极其重要的意义
关键词:
出生缺陷 ')" href="#">
出生缺陷
先天畸形
基因检测
产前诊断
收稿日期: 2018-03-09
出版日期: 2018-04-30
发布日期: 2018-05-22
期的出版日期: 2018-04-30
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1000505);国家自然科学基金(81671469)
通讯作者:
袁正伟http://www.sj-hospital.org/show.php?mesid=3202
E-mail: yuanzw@hotmail.com
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