发育医学电子杂志  2019, Vol. 7 Issue (2): 90-94, 99 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2019.02.003 |
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生长发育
专题笔谈
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| 神经发育障碍儿童的饮食行为问题和对策 |
| 吴丹丹 李晓南 |
| 南京医科大学附属儿童医院 儿童保健科，江苏 南京 210008 |
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| Eating behavior problems and countermeasures of neurodevelopmental disorder in children |
| WU Dan-dan, LI Xiao-nan |
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摘要 营养是儿童生长发育的基础，是维持机体内环境稳定的必要条件。膳食是儿童获取营养的基本途径，受饮食行为的影响。儿童饮食行为包括喂养行为、进食技能、食物选择和进食环境等。养成良好的饮食行为习惯有助于保证儿童摄入足够均衡的营养，促进正常体格生长和智力发育；反之，可引起生长迟缓、体重不增，甚至死亡。饮食行为问题不仅在正常儿童中存在，也存在于心理行为障碍的儿童，如注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder，ADHD）、智力障碍或发育迟缓（intellectual disability/developmental delay，ID/DD）、孤独谱系障碍（autistic spectrum disorder，ASD）
等神经发育障碍。这些患儿除了疾病特征性表现外，往往在进食过程中出现严重的挑食、偏食和厌食等饮食行为问题。随着发育行为儿科学的兴起，以及神经发育障碍疾病增加，这类儿童伴随的营养和生长发育问题也逐步引起儿科临床医师的高度关注，认识 ADHD、ID/DD 和 ASD 儿童的营养问题，并进行早期干预，有助于改善其生长发育和临床结局。
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| 关键词:
饮食行为')" href="#">饮食行为
注意缺陷多动障碍
发育迟缓
孤独谱系障碍
行为干预
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收稿日期: 2019-01-20
出版日期: 2019-04-30
发布日期: 2019-05-06
期的出版日期: 2019-04-30
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| 基金资助: 江苏省重点病种规范化诊疗项目（BE2015607） |
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通讯作者:
李晓南https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%9D%8E%E6%99%93%E5%8D%97/19564?fr=aladdin
E-mail: xnli@njmu.edu.cn
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