Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version)

Select

Research progress on pathogenesis of tic disorder in children

Zhao Liping, Hu Xiaohong, Li Zhongyuan

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 224-228. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.011

Abstract(379) PDF (836KB) (857)

【Abstract】Pediatric tic disorder (TD) is not rare, and may interfere with daily life, learning and socialization, or cause subjective discomfort, pain or injury. Some children can't completely control their tics even after behavioraltraining and medication. In this paper, we review the progress of research on the pathogenesis of TD in children,share the latest opinions and conclusions, and lay the foundation for exploring new treatment opinions to better improve the conditions of TD children.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Relationship between sex hormones level and sleep disorders in female

Li Yindan, Guo Min, Hou Haiyan

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 235-240. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.013

Abstract(365) PDF (805KB) (455)

【Abstract】Sleep disorders not only have an impact on quality of life in female, but also adversely affect
physical and emotional health. Fluctuations in sex hormone levels during different stages of female life, suchas menstruation, pregnancy, and perimenopause, may be associated with various forms of sleep disorders.Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone may be associated with sleep disorders, whereas relationship betweenendogenous estrogen and sleep is controversial. Some endocrine disorders are also associated with sleep disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the relationship between female sex hormones level and sleep disorders, and it is important to improve the quality of female sleep if sex hormone fluctuations can beimproved by medications, which can improve the quality of female sleep in a special period of their lives.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research progress on factors related to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia inpremature infants

Chen Huihui, Li Qiuping, Bian Jiaxin, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 296-301,308. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.009

Abstract(278) PDF (850KB) (308)

【Abstract】Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common diseases of preterm infants.
Children with BPD not only exhibited impaired lung function, poor exercise ability and airway hyper
reactivity, but also long-term complications. With the introduction of high-throughput sequencing technologyand the continuous development of molecular biology, although its pathogenesis has not been fullyunderstood, the survival rate of children with BPD has been significantly improved. A deeper understandingof the occurrence and development of BPD in the preterm infants was helpful for the treatment and nursing ofBPD. In this paper, the research progress of BPD related factors was reviewed from three aspects, includingpulmonary endothelial vascular development, pulmonary inflammatory response and pulmonary alveoliformation, which was advantageous to explain the genetic mechanism of BPD

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Changes of serum growth hormone-releasing peptide and insulin-like growth factor-1 in children with different disease causes of short stature and its clinical significance

Wang Kecheng, Tang Haijun, Shen Li

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 179-186. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.004

Abstract(278) PDF (985KB) (317)

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the changes of serum growth hormone-releasing peptide (Ghrelin)
and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in children with different disease causes of short stature and its
clinical significance.　Method　A total of 212 children with short stature admitted to Rugao Branch,
Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University were enrolled between January 2016 and January 2022. According to different disease causes, they were divided into growth hormone deficiency group (n=60), idiopathicshort stature group (n=46), Turner syndrome group (n=38), congenital hypothyroidism group (n=32) andintrauterine growth retardation group (n=36). A total of 106 healthy children with matched height, gender andage during the same period in same hospital were enrolled as control group. The demographic characteristics,growth and development indexes [bone age difference (BAD), height standard deviation score (Ht SDS),annual growth velocity (GV), growth hormone (GH)], levels of serum Ghrelin and IGF-1 before and duringadolescence were compared between children with different disease causes of short stature and control group.The differential diagnosis value of serum Ghrelin and IGF-1 levels in idiopathic short stature was analyzedby receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Statistical methods performed by One-way analysis of variance, LSD-t test, and χ2 test. 　Result　The proportion of adolescent children in the idiopathic shortstature group was 65.2%, which was significantly higher than that in the other 4 groups (all P<0.05). Theproportion of adolescent children from high to low was intrauterine growth retardation group (41.7%),congenital hypothyroidism group (40.6%), growth hormone deficiency group (35.0%) and Turner syndromegroup (31.6%). The BAD of the idiopathic short stature group was (1.4±0.3) years, which was significantlyhigher than that of the other 4 groups (all P<0.05). The BAD values from high to low were (1.2±0.2) yearsin growth hormone deficiency group, (1.1±0.2) years in congenital hypothyroidism group, (0.7±0.1) yearsin Turner syndrome group and (0.3±0.1) years in intrauterine growth retardation group. The GV of theidiopathic short stature group was (3.7±0.8) cm/year, which was significantly higher than that of the other 4groups (all P<0.05). The GV from high to low were (2.2±0.7) cm/year in growth hormone deficiency group,(2.1±0.6) cm/year in intrauterine growth delay group, (1.7±0.5) cm/year incongenital hypothyroidism group,and (1.2±0.4) cm/year in Turner syndrome group. The peak GH value of the growth hormone deficiencygroup was (6.4±0.3) μg/L, which was significantly lower than that of the other 4 groups (all P<0.05). Thepeak GH values from low to high were (13.4±3.2) μg/L in intrauterine growth retardation group, (14.2±2.1)μg/L in Turner syndrome group, (14.7±2.5) μg/L in idiopathic short stature group, and (15.6±2.9) μg/L incongenital hypothyroidism group. Ghrelin level in the Turner syndrome group was significantly higher thanthat in growth hormone deficiency group, idiopathic short stature group, congenital hypothyroidism group andintrauterine growth retardation group (all P<0.05). The level of IGF-1 in congenital hypothyroidism groupwas significantly lower than that in growth hormone deficiency group, idiopathic short stature group, Turnersyndrome group and intrauterine growth retardation group (P<0.05). The levels of serum Ghrelin and IGF-1
in the prepubertal period of idiopathic short stature group were significantly lower than those in adolescence(P<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum Ghrelinand IGF-1 for differential diagnosis of idiopathic short stature was 0.776 and 0.733, respectively. The AUC ofcombined detection for differential diagnosis of idiopathic short stature was 0.839, the sensitivity was 90.0%,and the specificity was 65.6% (P<0.001).　Conclusion　There are abnormal expressions of serum Ghrelinand IGF-1 in children with different disease causes of short stature. There are significant differences in levelsof serum Ghrelin and IGF-1 among idiopathic short stature children before and during adolescence. Thecombined detection of serum Ghrelin and IGF-1 has good efficiency in the differential diagnosis of idiopathicshort stature.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research progress of sperm DNA fragmentation detection in clinical evaluation andtreatment of male infertility

Zhang Yaodong, Guo Shuxiao, Yan Hongli

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 314-320. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.012

Abstract(253) PDF (839KB) (351)

【Abstract】As the decreasing birth rate and accelerating aging process, the research on improving male
reproductive ability has taken extensive attention in recently years. As a new marker for sperm quality
evaluation, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) has been increasingly used in semen samples detection ofmale infertility. With the publication of clinical expert consensus on sperm DNA fragmentation detection in2023, it provides the basis and standard for sperm DFI to clinical evaluation and treatment of male infertility.This review briefly summarizes the research progress on the relationship between sperm DFI and assistedreproductive technique (ART) treatment outcome, the consistency between sperm DFI and sperm parameters,and the evaluation of clinical sperm DFI detection methods in recent years.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Histological observation of goblet cell and mucoprotein 2 expression in mucosa of septumarisen from type Ⅰ intestinal atresia

Ye Mao, He Feng, Song Yanbiao, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 199-203. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.007

Abstract(249) PDF (1084KB) (299)

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the expression of goblet cell and mucoprotein 2 (MUC2) in mucosa of septum arisen from typeⅠintestinal atresia.　Method　Totally 9 septa located in intestinal wall with distanceless than 15 cm from Treitz ligament (septum group) were collected. The age of the patients' operation were1-3 days after birth. The normal intestinal wall tissues were harvested and set as the control during resectionand anastomosis in the same patient (control group), followed by serial tissue sectioning and followinghematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, periodic acid-Scheff (PAS) staining, as well immunohistochemistry stainingfor histological observation. The semi-quantitative calculation was conducted for statistical comparison.Statistical method performed by independent sample t test.　Result　HE staining showed mucous of septumarisen from typeⅠintestinal atresia presented relatively normal histological structure with less villi andmalalignment. Submucosa muscular layer was irregular and proliferating collagen in subcutaneous layer. Theresidual goblet cells were less in septum group (36.6±2.6) compared with control group (72.5±3.7), withthe difference was significant (t=11.235, P=0.001). PAS staining indicated that glycoprotein in goblet cell wasdenser and immunohistochemistry staining showed MUC2 was less-expressed in septum group (0.085 0±0.005 4) compared with control group (0.115 6±0.014 4), with the difference was significant (t=18.652,P=0.014).　Conclusion　Compared with the normal intestinal wall, the septum arisen from typeⅠintestinalatresia has disorganized microscopic structure and relatively less villi, and present imperfect developmentalfeature, suggesting weaker defensive function induced by goblet cell in contrast to the normal intestinal wall.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Visual analysis of studies on small for gestational age infant based on Web of Science

Zhang Xirong, Shi Xusheng, Li Fei, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 241-248. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.001

Abstract(240) PDF (1423KB) (346)

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the research status, hotspots and frontiers of small for gestational ageinfant (SGA) worldwide in recent years, summarize the development context of this field and predict the futuredevelopment trend, so as to provide reference for SGA research and clinical guidance.　Method　Based on theWeb of Science (WOS) core collection database, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) andSocial Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) were selected. The retrieval form was: (TS=("small for gestationalage children" or "small for gestational age infant" or "small for gestational age") AND LA=(English) ANDDT=(Article OR Review Article)), it covered the period from January 1, 2012 to August 16, 2022. CiteSpace,v.6.1.R3.64-bit was used to draw the co-occurrence map of countries, institutions, authors and keywords,keyword clustering map and emergence word map, to explore the topic evolution and hotspots in the fieldof global SGA research field. Result　A total of 6 524 literatures were included. In recent years, theannual number of global SGA research papers showed a rising trend in volatility. Based on the analysis ofbetweenness centrality (0.15) and number of publications (1 859 literatures), the United States has the leading advantage in this research field. The most prolific institution was Karolinska Institute (Sweden)with 226 literatures. The main research direction of the highly productive author was NICOLAIDES K team.The main research direction was to explore the risk factors of SGA, early and effective screening methods forSGA and how to reduce the prevalence of SGA. Keywords emergence word map showed that, in the past threeyears, the research hotspots had been focus on epidemiological studies and the effects of gene expression onpregnancy outcomes. Conclusion　To further develop the clinical multi-center SGA molecular epidemiologyand basic research, reveal the risk factors of SGA to improve the three-level prevention and treatment of SGAis still the research direction of obstetric and pediatric medical staff.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expert consensus on prevention the infectious diseases of common viruses transmitted through the digestive tract in neonates

Committee of Neonatal Health Care, China Maternal and Child Health Association

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (5): 321-327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.05.001

Abstract(235) PDF (1571KB) (149)

【Abstract】The virus transmitted through the digestive tract of the newborn seriously affects their
health. It can be infected and transmitted before, during and postpartum. In addition to affecting the health of the newborns, it often leads to the outbreak of nosocomial infections during the neonatal period. The Committee of Neonatal Health Care, China Maternal and Child Health Association organized this "Expert consensus on prevention the infectious diseases of common viruses transmitted through the digestive tract in neonates", introduced the prevention measures of four common viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, cytomegalovirus) in the perinatal and neonatal period respectively, aims to improve the understanding of the prevention of neonatal common viruses infection which transmitted through the digestive tract in medical staff, and give corresponding recommendations to reduce the incidence of these diseases.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical characteristics of children with hypochondroplasia and analysis of FGFR3 gene variation

Tao Dongying, Zhang Huiqin, Zhang Jingjing, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 193-198. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.006

Abstract(228) PDF (955KB) (114)

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of children with hypochondroplasia (HCH)
and the gene variation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3).　Method　The clinical data, genetictest results and the therapeutic effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in 7 children withHCH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2015
to October 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Result The initial average age of the 7 children with
HCH was (6.4±2.7) years (3.1-9.7 years) , the average height standard deviation score was -3.22±1.22
(-1.2--4.9), and the upper part/lower part ratio was 1.28±0.13 (1.10-1.52). The average treatment time
for rhGH was (4.4±1.2) years (3.1-6.0 years) , the average age after treatment was (10.8±2.1) years
(6.9-12.8 years), and the average height standard deviation score was -1.73±1.32 (-3.4-0.2). The upper part/lower part ratio was 1.13±0.14 (0.98-1.38). The clinical manifestations of HCH included disproportionate short stature (7/7, 100%), limitation of elbow extension (2/7, 28.6%), lumbar lordosis (2/7, 28.6%), mildknee varus (2/7, 28.6%), forehead bulge with relatively normal facies (1/7, 14.3%). Radiological featuresof HCH included shortening of long bones with mild metaphyseal expansion (4/7, 57.1%), narrowing of theinferior lumbar interpedicular distances (1/7, 14.3%), and short and broad femoral neck (1/7, 14.3%), squarehip bone and flat acetabular top (1/7, 14.3%), and the ischial notch becomes smaller (1/7, 14.3%). There werepathogenic variants of FGFR3 gene in 7 cases, 4 cases were variants of FGFR3 gene c.1620C>A(p.Asn540Lys);3 cases were variants of FGFR3 gene c.1620C>G(p.Asn540Lys).　Conclusion　Seven cases were hotspotvariations of FGFR3 gene p.Asn540Lys. The clinical characteristics of HCH are relatively mild, andit is necessary to strengthen the understanding and screening of infants and young children. Thetreatment of rhGH for children with HCH was effective.

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research progress on neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and intestinal flora

Han Jinbao, Huang Liuming

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (5): 374-379. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.05.009

Abstract(225) PDF (1048KB) (320)

【Abstract】Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was common in premature infants and low birth weightinfants, which was the disease with the highest morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units. NEC oftenhad an insidious onset and rapid progression in premature infants and low birth weight infants, causing death orserious sequelae in the early neonatal period. Currently, many studies had confirmed that intestinal flora was closelyrelated to the occurrence of NEC. Before the onset of NEC, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in infant fecal bacteria increases, while Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes decrease; low flora diversity, low Lactobacillus abundance,and changes in flora network structure were positively correlated with the risk of NEC in premature infants.Therefore, understanding the distribution characteristics of intestinal flora in children with NEC was important forprevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. In-depth study of the interaction between intestinal flora andNEC provides a theoretical basis for further research on NEC.

Related Articles | Metrics