Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version)

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Research progress on pathogenesis of tic disorder in children

Zhao Liping, Hu Xiaohong, Li Zhongyuan

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 224-228. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.011

Abstract(379) PDF (836KB) (857)

【Abstract】Pediatric tic disorder (TD) is not rare, and may interfere with daily life, learning and socialization, or cause subjective discomfort, pain or injury. Some children can't completely control their tics even after behavioraltraining and medication. In this paper, we review the progress of research on the pathogenesis of TD in children,share the latest opinions and conclusions, and lay the foundation for exploring new treatment opinions to better improve the conditions of TD children.

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Outcome of neonates delivered by group B Streptococcus positive pregnant women andanalysis of early inflammatory indicators detection

Li Yurui, Zhang Xuefeng, He Xiyu, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 161-165. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.001

Abstract(211) PDF (971KB) (457)

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the outcome of neonates delivered by group B Streptococcus (GBS)
positive pregnant women and the clinical application value of early inflammatory indicators detection.　
Method　A total of 135 high-risk neonates delivered by GBS positive pregnant women admitted to the FifthMedical Center of the PLA General Hospital from October 2017 to October 2021 were selected as the studyobjects, and divided into the antibiotic group (n=77 ) and the control group (n=58 ) according to whether thepregnant mothers used antibiotics before delivery. The maternal condition, general condition of neonates, therate of pathological jaundice, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT)levels at different time points were compared between the two groups. The clinical application value of WBC,CRP and PCT in different time points was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Thestatistical methods performed by independent sample t-test, χ2 test and rank sum test. Result　The abnormal rate of neonatal inflammatory indicators in the antibiotic group were significantly lower than those in thecontrol group [26.0% (20/77) vs 48.3% (28/55), χ2=6.311, P=0.012]. There were no significant differences inthe delivery method, amniotic fluid contamination rate, premature rupture rate of membranes and incidence of pathological jaundice between the two groups (all P>0.05). The levels of CRP in the antibiotic group at6 h and 24 h was lower than that in the control group [0.2 (0.1, 0.3) mg/L vs 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) mg/L, 2.3 (1.0,6.0) mg/L vs 4.0 (2.8, 10.5) mg/L, t=-3.137, -3.010, all P<0.05]. Among the 135 high-risk neonates, 2 cases(1.5%) developed early onset GBS septicemia. 48 cases (35.6%) with abnormal inflammatory indicators,and they were hospitalized for (6.3±1.3) days on average, and were cured and discharged from hospital.The combined detection of WBC and CRP at 24 h postnatal was the most significant for neonatal infection,and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.882. Conclusion　Prophylactic treatment with antibiotics forGBS positive pregnant women before delivery can reduce the incidence of neonatal infection. The combineddetection of WBC and CRP at 24 h postnatal is of great significance for early detection of neonatal infection.

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Relationship between sex hormones level and sleep disorders in female

Li Yindan, Guo Min, Hou Haiyan

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 235-240. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.013

Abstract(365) PDF (805KB) (455)

【Abstract】Sleep disorders not only have an impact on quality of life in female, but also adversely affect
physical and emotional health. Fluctuations in sex hormone levels during different stages of female life, suchas menstruation, pregnancy, and perimenopause, may be associated with various forms of sleep disorders.Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone may be associated with sleep disorders, whereas relationship betweenendogenous estrogen and sleep is controversial. Some endocrine disorders are also associated with sleep disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the relationship between female sex hormones level and sleep disorders, and it is important to improve the quality of female sleep if sex hormone fluctuations can beimproved by medications, which can improve the quality of female sleep in a special period of their lives.

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Research progress of sperm DNA fragmentation detection in clinical evaluation andtreatment of male infertility

Zhang Yaodong, Guo Shuxiao, Yan Hongli

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 314-320. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.012

Abstract(253) PDF (839KB) (351)

【Abstract】As the decreasing birth rate and accelerating aging process, the research on improving male
reproductive ability has taken extensive attention in recently years. As a new marker for sperm quality
evaluation, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) has been increasingly used in semen samples detection ofmale infertility. With the publication of clinical expert consensus on sperm DNA fragmentation detection in2023, it provides the basis and standard for sperm DFI to clinical evaluation and treatment of male infertility.This review briefly summarizes the research progress on the relationship between sperm DFI and assistedreproductive technique (ART) treatment outcome, the consistency between sperm DFI and sperm parameters,and the evaluation of clinical sperm DFI detection methods in recent years.

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Relationship between serum vitamin D levels among children aged 0-3 years and nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of guardians in Yibin

Deng Maowen, Xiang Aihua, Yang Xianchun, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 172-178. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.003

Abstract(156) PDF (950KB) (349)

【Abstract】 Objective　To analyze the relationship between serum vitamin D level among children aged0-3 years and their guardians' nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in Yibin.　Method　A total of 510 children aged 0-3 years who received child health care in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital ofYibin and other 2 medical institutions from January to December 2020 were selected as the research objectby convenient sampling method, and they were classified by age group: 363 children aged 0-<1 years and147 children aged 1-≤3 years. Data on feeding, growth and development, and lifestyle were collected. Thelevel of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D) was measured. A questionnaire was used to investigatethe nutritional KAP of guardians. Statistical methods performed by t test, ANOVA analysis of variance, χ2test, rank sum test and Pearson correlation analysis.　Result　The level of serum 25-OH-D in 0-<1 yeargroup was higher than that in 1-≤3 years group, and the incidence of vitamin D deficiency was lower thanthat in 1-≤3 years group. The level of serum 25-OH-D in overweight/obese children was lower than that innormal-size and malnourished children, and the incidence of vitamin D deficiency was higher than thatin normal-size and malnourished children. The serum 25-OH-D level of children with outdoor activitytime ≥2 h/d was higher than that of children with outdoor activity time <2 h/d, and the incidence of vitaminD deficiency was lower than that of children with outdoor activity time <2 h/d. The serum 25-OH-D level inchildren with vitamin D supplementation ≥300 IU/d was higher than that in children with <300 IU/d, and theincidence of vitamin D deficiency was lower than that in children with <300 IU/d, with statistical significance(all P<0.05). The nutritional KAP scores of guardian as parents were higher than those of other guardians[knowledge: (81.9±10.1) points and (68.8±12.5) points; attitude: (88.8±7.9) points and (86.1±8.3) points;practice: (79.7±11.2) points and (72.9±12.8) points, all P<0.05]. Pearson correlation analysis showed thatguardian nutrition KAP score was positively correlated with serum 25-OH-D (r=0.801, 0.647 and 0.836,all P<0.05). Guardian nutrition KAP score was associated with vitamin D deficiency in children, and thecolumn associations were 0.469, 0.604 and 0.425, respectively. 　Conclusion　There is a high incidence of vitamin D deficiency in children aged 0-3 years in Yibin, and the nutritional status of vitamin D is positively correlated with the nutritional KAP score of guardians. Improving the nutritional KAP score of guardians isconducive to better taking reasonable measures to prevent and control vitamin D deficiency in children.

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Investigation of family resilience in infants with enterostomy

Si Longmei, Huang Liuming, Liu Gang, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 249-254,262. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.002

Abstract(161) PDF (896KB) (349)

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the status of family resilience in infants with enterostomy, and
analyze its influencing factors.　Method　Using convenient sampling method, 132 infants with enterostomyand their caregivers who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Centerof Chinese PLA General Hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 were selected as the study objects.General information and disease information questionnaire, Family Resilience Questionnaire (FRQ), thecaring ability assessment scale of primary caregivers of infants with enterostomy and the Simple CopingStyle Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used to investigate them. Statistical methods performed by independentsample t-test, One-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regressionanalysis. 　Result　The total FRQ score of 132 infants with enterostomy was (75.34±15.47) points. Theresults of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in FRQ scores ofgender, number of operations, course of disease, nutritional status and payment method of medical expenses(all P<0.05). The total score of the caring ability assessment scale of primary caregivers of infants withenterostomy was (126.38±29.09) points, and the coping tendency scores was (16.54±8.68) points. Pearsoncorrelation analysis showed that family resilience of infants with enterostomy was positively correlated withthe caring ability assessment scale and coping tendency scores of family primary caregivers (r=0.561, 0.438,all P<0.01). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of operations, course ofdisease, nutritional status, caring ability and coping tendency of primary caregivers were the main influencingfactors of family resilience of infants with enterostomy (all P<0.05).　Conclusion　The family resilienceof infants with enterostomy is at a medium level. It is suggested that medical staff should actively guideparents to improve the family resilience level according to the influencing factors of family resilience, so as topromote the disease recovery of infants with enterostomy.

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Visual analysis of studies on small for gestational age infant based on Web of Science

Zhang Xirong, Shi Xusheng, Li Fei, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 241-248. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.001

Abstract(240) PDF (1423KB) (346)

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the research status, hotspots and frontiers of small for gestational ageinfant (SGA) worldwide in recent years, summarize the development context of this field and predict the futuredevelopment trend, so as to provide reference for SGA research and clinical guidance.　Method　Based on theWeb of Science (WOS) core collection database, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) andSocial Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) were selected. The retrieval form was: (TS=("small for gestationalage children" or "small for gestational age infant" or "small for gestational age") AND LA=(English) ANDDT=(Article OR Review Article)), it covered the period from January 1, 2012 to August 16, 2022. CiteSpace,v.6.1.R3.64-bit was used to draw the co-occurrence map of countries, institutions, authors and keywords,keyword clustering map and emergence word map, to explore the topic evolution and hotspots in the fieldof global SGA research field. Result　A total of 6 524 literatures were included. In recent years, theannual number of global SGA research papers showed a rising trend in volatility. Based on the analysis ofbetweenness centrality (0.15) and number of publications (1 859 literatures), the United States has the leading advantage in this research field. The most prolific institution was Karolinska Institute (Sweden)with 226 literatures. The main research direction of the highly productive author was NICOLAIDES K team.The main research direction was to explore the risk factors of SGA, early and effective screening methods forSGA and how to reduce the prevalence of SGA. Keywords emergence word map showed that, in the past threeyears, the research hotspots had been focus on epidemiological studies and the effects of gene expression onpregnancy outcomes. Conclusion　To further develop the clinical multi-center SGA molecular epidemiologyand basic research, reveal the risk factors of SGA to improve the three-level prevention and treatment of SGAis still the research direction of obstetric and pediatric medical staff.

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Early identification indicators of neonatal early-onset sepsis

Meng Shoudong, Sun Qunying

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 217-223. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.010

Abstract(216) PDF (896KB) (342)

【Abstract】Neonatal sepsis is the third leading cause of neonatal death in the world, accounting for 15%of the total neonatal mortality. Most early-onset sepsis (EOS) is caused by vertical transmission of maternalpathogens, so it usually passes through the perinatal, high-risk factors, early clinical manifestations andlaboratory tests are comprehensively evaluated for children. However, the non-specificity of perinatal highriskfactors, atypical clinical manifestations, and lag of laboratory tests have led to the identification ofearly-onset sepsis facing huge challenges. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest literature on the earlyidentification of EOS, and reviews the relevant indicators, to provide a reference for the clinical earlyidentification of EOS.

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Role of microRNA in pathogenesis and complications of gestational diabetes mellitus

Sun Chaoying, Ma Dandan, Zhao E, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (3): 229-234. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.03.012

Abstract(186) PDF (862KB) (328)

【Abstract】Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing public health problem worldwide, threateningmaternal and newborn health. Through the discovery of its pathophysiological mechanism, it is more targeted in preventing and reducing the occurrence of pregnancy complications. In recent years, microRNA (miRNA),as one of the most common epigenetic mechanisms, have played an important role in the pathophysiology ofpregnancy-related diseases, including GDM. The purpose of this review is to analyze the changes of miRNA in pregnant women with GDM, focusing on the potential of miRNA as a biomarker to predict or diagnose GDM and predict the prognosis of the disease, and to help us explore the pathogenesis and prevention measures of GDM.

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Value of NLR, LDH and IL-6 in the assessment of disease condition and prognosis of childrenwith Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Wu Yuqin, Huang Rongwei, Liu Xingzhu, et al

Journal of Developmental Medicine(Electronic Version) 2024, 12 (4): 278-283. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2024.04.006

Abstract(211) PDF (906KB) (322)

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in prognostic assessment of children with Mycoplasmapneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).　Method　A total of 180 children with MPP admitted to KunmingChildren's Hospital from September 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the observation group byprospective studies, including 104 ordinary children and 76 severe children, and 60 healthy children whounderwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The levels ofNLR, LDH, and IL-6 were compared between the observation group and the control group to evaluate theevaluation value of NLR, LDH, and IL-6 for the severity of MPP in children. According to the prognosisof MPP, the children with MMP were divided into poor prognosis group (n=35) and good prognosis group(n=145). The clinical data, NLR, LDH, and IL-6 levels of MMP children with different prognoses werecompared, and the prognostic factors of MPP in children and the correlation between NLR, LDH, IL-6 andClinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), white blood cell count (WBC), procalcitonim (PCT), C-reactiveprotein (CRP) were analyzed. Statistical methods performed by t-test, χ2 test, Logistic regression analysis, receiveroperating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Spearman model analysis. 　Result　The NLR of ordinary andsevere children in the observation group and the control group were 1.5±0.3, 2.2±0.3 and 1.2±0.2, respectively,and the levels of LDH were (439.8±30.1) U/L, (528.6±35.6) U/L and (125.8±28.9) U/L, respectively, the levelsof IL-6 were (18.3±1.3) ng/L, (25.8±2.1) ng/L and (9.5±1.2) ng/L, respectively, and the NLR, LDH, andIL-6 levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (NLR: t=10.135, 27.514,LDH: t=86.323, 103.974, IL-6: t=44.834, 84.297, all P<0.05), and the NLR, LDH, and IL-6 levels in theordinary children of observation group were lower than those in the severe children (NLR: t=20.599, LDH:t=26.252, IL-6: t=48.065, all P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined assessment ofNLR, LDH, and IL-6 was the highest, at 0.911, with the sensitivity and specificity of 82.89% and 89.42%,respectively. The CPIS (OR=7.232, 95% CI: 5.055-10.347), WBC (OR=6.839, 95% CI: 4.752-9.844), PCT(OR=8.882, 95% CI: 6.375-12.374), CRP (OR=11.520, 95% CI: 8.125-16.333), NLR (OR=11.517, 95% CI:7.852-16.894), LDH (OR=11.881, 95% CI: 7.698-18.337), and IL-6 (OR=12.424, 95% CI: 8.025-19.235)were the independent risk factors for the prognosis of MPP childrenin (all P<0.05). The levels of NLR, LDHand IL-6 in children with MPP were positively correlated with CPIS, WBC, PCT and CRP (all P<0.05).　Conclusion　The levels of NLR, LDH and IL-6 in children with MPP are significantly increased, which canbe used as potential indicators for evaluating the condition and prognosis of MPP.

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