发育医学电子杂志 2022, Vol. 10 Issue (1): 70-74 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2022.01.013 |
生长发育
综述
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踝足矫形器在痉挛型脑性瘫痪儿童中的应用研究进展 |
张强 吕延宝 单玲 杜琳 |
吉林大学第一医院 发育行为儿科,吉林 长春130021
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Research progress of ankle-foot orthosis in children with spastic cerebral palsy |
Zhang Qiang, Lv Yanbao, Shan Ling, et al |
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摘要 脑性瘫痪(cerebral palsy,CP)是由于发育中的胎儿或婴幼儿脑部非进行性损伤所致,以持续存在的中枢性运动和姿势发育障碍、活动受限为主要症状,通常伴随感知觉、认知、交流、行为障碍、癫痫及继发的肌骨问题[1]。CP 患儿治疗的主要目标是通过各种策略提高自身潜在功能和社会参与度,其中就包括预防和延缓由继发性损伤对身体结构和功能造成的损害。据统计,93% 的痉挛型CP 患儿存在踝足部畸形[2],比较常见的有马蹄足及内外翻足等[3]。踝足矫形器(ankle foot orthosis,AFO)经常被用于CP 儿童,以防止肌肉和骨骼畸形,提供站立和行走时的支持和稳定性,目前已成为一种主流的治疗选择,并经常与其他补充干预措施结合使用,以改善下肢的生物力学问题[4]。“生物- 心理- 社会”的医学模式,为健康和残疾提供了新概念,它把关注点从疾病本身转移到功能上来,国际功能、残疾和健康分类(儿童和青少年版)(InternationalClassification of Function, Disability and Health-Childand Adolescent Edition,ICF-CY)对儿童和青少年的健康状况进行了全面的描述和分类,使CP 儿童的功能评定更加标准化和国际化[5]。
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关键词:
脑性瘫痪
婴幼儿
肌张力
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收稿日期: 2020-12-30
发布日期: 2022-01-28
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通讯作者:
杜琳
E-mail: zlzdulin@126.com
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