发育医学电子杂志  2018, Vol. 6 Issue (3): 154-159 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2018.03.005 |
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发育基础
专题笔谈
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| 胚胎基因编辑的研究进展 |
| 郭倩颖 王洋 闫丽盈 |
| 北京大学第三医院 妇产科，北京 100191 |
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| Research advances in embryo gene editing |
| GUO Qian-ying, WANG Yang, YAN Li-ying |
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摘要 基因编辑技术（gene editing）是指在基因组水平对遗传信息进行精准修饰的技术，从而实现对特定 DNA 片段的敲除、插入及替换等。近年来，动物胚胎基因编辑技术日渐成熟，目前常用的基因 编 辑 技 术 包 括 3 种：锌 指 核 酸 酶（zinc-finger nucleases，ZFN）技 术、转 录 激 活 因 子 样 效 应 物核 酸 酶（transcription activator-like effector nucleases，TALEN）以 及 成 簇 规 律 间 隔 短 回 文 重 复 序 列（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats，CRISPR）/Cas9 系统。这 3 种技术都是通过在特定的靶向序列处引入 DNA 双链断裂缺口（double strand break，DSB），引发 DNA 非同源末端连接（non-homology end-joining，NHEJ）或同源介导 修 复 方 式（homology-directed repair，HDR）修复受损的 DNA，实现对基因的敲除（knock-out）、敲入（knock-in）、基因修复等多种修饰［1］。本文对ZFN、TALEN、CRISPR/Cas9 3 种基因编辑技术的基本结构、作用原理及其在胚胎基因编辑中的研究进展进行综述。
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| 关键词:
CRISPR/Cas9 ')" href="#">CRISPR/Cas9
基因编辑技术 ')" href="#"> 基因编辑技术
胚胎')" href="#"> 胚胎
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收稿日期: 2018-05-25
出版日期: 2018-07-30
发布日期: 2018-08-20
期的出版日期: 2018-07-30
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| 基金资助: 国家自然科学基金（31571544） |
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通讯作者:
闫丽盈http://www.puh3rmc.org/index.php?s=/Home/Team/detail/id/20.html
E-mail: yanliyingkind@aliyun.com
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