发育医学电子杂志 2017, Vol. 5 Issue (4): 212-216
生长发育
专题笔谈
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食物不耐受对儿童生长发育的影响
雷蕾 蒋瑾瑾
上海长海医院 儿科,上海 200433
Influence of food intolerance on growth and development of children
LEI Lei, JIANG Jin-jin
摘要 早在20世纪初,就有学者提出许多疾病都与食物有关,当避免了相应的食物后,症状会随之消失。有研究者提出了食物不耐受这一概念,目前的研究认为,食物不耐受是不同于食物过敏的另一种由食物引起的变态反应性疾病,其发生是人体免疫系统针对进入体内的某种或多种食物产生IgG抗体,从而针对这些物质产生过度的保护性免疫反应。近年来,儿童食物不耐受发病率在国内外均呈显著上升趋势,已成为全球关注的公共卫生问题,阿拉伯地区的调查显示,食物不耐受的发病率为5%~20%。大规模的流行病学调查发现,食物不耐受发生率为12%。我国尚无多中心的统计结果,但不同研究之间提示存在区域性差异。
有多个研究发现,食物不耐受在女性的发病率要高于男性,虽然目前并不清楚造成性别差异的原因,但有学者认为是由于女性的性激素可引起更为强烈的前炎症效应,从而导致免疫亢进。IgG介导的食物不耐受可引起全身多个组织系统的异常,包括皮肤症状、胃肠道症状、呼吸道症状,甚至中枢神经系统症状,如偏头痛等。而对于生长高峰期的儿童来说,除了疾病引起的病理性损害之外,因其临床表现常呈现非特异性,特异性IgG形成的时间相对较长,易导致诊断相对滞后,在此期间,患儿仍然长时间反复摄入相应过敏原。另外,不合理的饮食、回避以及缺乏营养监测均有可能影响其生长发育 。
关键词:
食物不耐受
儿童
生长发育
收稿日期: 2017-09-07
出版日期: 2017-10-30
发布日期: 2018-01-23
期的出版日期: 2017-10-30
基金资助: 上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(17DZ1930304)
通讯作者:
蒋瑾瑾:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%92%8B%E7%91%BE%E7%91%BE/8282888?fr=aladdin
E-mail: jinjinj2000@yahoo.com.cn
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