发育医学电子杂志 2022, Vol. 10 Issue (6): 456-462 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2022.06.010
生长发育
综述
|
骨骼肌生长发育特点及影响因素的研究
进展
曹梦瑶 周楠 李晓南
南京医科大学附属儿童医院 儿童保健科,南京 210008
Research progress on growth and development characteristics of skeletal muscle and its influencing factors
Cao Mengyao, Zhou Nan, Li Xiaonan
摘要 人体共有 600 多块骨骼肌,是非肥胖人群最 大的组织器官[1-3] 。根据国际辐射防护委员会
(International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP)提出的基准值,新生儿时期的骨骼肌质量约
占体质量的 22.9%,到 10 岁时约占 19.0%,健康成 年人骨骼肌占体质量的比例约为 39.7%(男性)与
29.2%(女性)[4] 。近年来,随着对骨骼肌研究的 深入,发现骨骼肌除运动、支持功能外,还具有强
大的分泌活性物质的功能[3] ;其中骨骼肌在神经 和体液调节下参与完成包括呼吸运动在内的各种 活动、姿势的维持、骨骼及周围组织的保护等;而其 分泌的活性物质不仅作用于肌肉本身,还可通过 血液循环作用于远端器官组织[5] ,参与改善认知、 调节体成分、减轻炎症反应、增加胰岛素敏感性和 抑制肿瘤生长等生理、病理过程[6-8] 。儿童时期的 骨骼肌发育以及功能完善与年龄、性别、运动、营 养、激素水平及疾病等因素密切相关,良好的骨骼 肌发育对儿童及成年期健康具有重要意义。积极 探索骨骼肌生长发育特点及其影响因素,制定有 效的运动、营养处方 , 对运动系统功能的改善、代 谢性疾病的防治以及多种全身性疾病的康复 , 具 有重要的理论价值和应用前景。现将国内外有关 儿童骨骼肌生长发育特点及影响因素相关研究进
展总结如下。
关键词:
骨骼肌
影响因素
身体活动
营养
代谢功能
收稿日期: 2022-09-05
发布日期: 2022-11-30
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(81773421);江苏省医学创新团队项目(CXTDA2017035)
通讯作者:
李晓南
E-mail: xiaonan6189@163.com
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