发育医学电子杂志 2021, Vol. 9 Issue (6): 463-466 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2021.06.012 |
生长发育
综述
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对称性颈紧张性反射与儿童发育 |
麦咏彤 陈一菁 方素珍 邝彩亭 张肖静 黄惠姨 |
1. 广州市海珠区赤岗街社区卫生服务中心,广东 广州 510310;2. 南方医科大学珠江医院 儿科中心,
广东 广州 510282
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Symmetrical tonic neck reflex and child development |
Mai Yongtong, Chen Yijing, Fang Suzhen, et al |
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摘要 对称性颈紧张性反射(symmetrical tonic neckreflex,STNR)与不对称性颈紧张反射(asymmetric
tonic neck reflex,ATNR)、张力性迷路反射(tonic labyrinthine reflex,TLR)合称为三大脑干姿势反射
(attitudinal reflexes),均由头与身体位置关系的变化刺激了前庭器官和颈部肌肉本体感受器而诱发1][。STNR 是指头相对于身体进行矢状面上活动时,刻板地发生四肢屈(伸)肌的肌张力呈上下肢反向而
左右对称性的改变,产生特有的两种原始性运动,即头后仰、手支撑、屈髋、屈膝、臀部坐在双足上的
手膝位姿势,和头前屈、肘支撑、下肢伸展的俯卧姿势。正常发育的儿童STNR 应中规中矩地随着中
枢神经系统的发育“如期而至”,带动感觉运动整合、视空能力、认知行为的迅速发育,在完成使命后
应及时被高级皮层充分整合而“如愿隐居”,否则便会削弱对姿势肌肉尤其是躯干肌肉的募集和共激
活,扰乱肌肉激活时序,制约正常姿势控制机制的发育,限制身体概念和身体图式的建立,妨碍全身
选择性运动、动作速度和准确性,尤其是头与身体之间的分离活动,并进一步关联到感知觉、情绪、认
知功能等[2-3]。因围产医学的发展和生活环境的变化,高危围产因素的儿童出生率增高,以及学步车
的使用和暴露于电子产品的时间过早和过多等原因,STNR 残存的儿童逐年增多[4]。本文就STNR
在儿童发育中的意义、残存的危害性进行综述。
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关键词:
对称性颈紧张性反射')" href="#">对称性颈紧张性反射
发育
儿童
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收稿日期: 2021-02-26
发布日期: 2021-11-29
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基金资助: 广州市珠海区科技计划项目(2018-29) |
通讯作者:
方素珍
E-mail: suzanfang@sina.cn
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