发育医学电子杂志 2020, Vol. 8 Issue (1): 15-19 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5340.2020.01.003 |
临床遗传
专题笔谈
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有机酸血症的诊治及筛查 |
梁黎黎 韩连书 |
上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院 上海市儿科医学研究所 小儿内分泌遗传科,上海 200092 |
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Diagnosis, treatment and screening of organic acidemia |
LIANG Li-li, HAN Lian-shu |
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摘要 有机酸血症(organic acidemia)是由于体内有机酸代谢过程中酶的功能缺陷,导致体内有机酸及其旁路代谢产物蓄积,从而引起的一类疾病。1966 年Tanaka 运用气相色谱/ 质谱联用技术(gaschromatographic/mass spectrometry,GC/MS)发现了首例异戊酸血症,迄今已陆续发现了数十种疾病。这些疾病的临床表现无特异性,自胎儿期到成年各个时期均可发病。部分患者可以呕吐、代谢性酸中毒、低血糖、昏迷等形式急性起病,以进行性神经系统损害为主,可伴有其他组织器官损伤,死亡率很高,存活者多遗留智力残疾。有机酸血症多数为常染色体隐性遗传病,常见疾病包括甲基丙二酸血症(methymalonic acidemia,MMA)、丙酸血症(propionic acidemia, PA)、异戊酸血症(isovaleric acidemia,IVA)、戊二酸血症Ⅰ型(glutaric acidemia type Ⅰ , GA- Ⅰ)、3- 甲基巴豆酰辅酶A 羧化酶缺乏症(3-methylcrotonyl-coenzymeA carboxylase deficiency,MCCD)、3- 甲基戊烯二酸
尿症(3-methylglutaconic acidurias,MGA)、3- 羟基-3-甲基- 戊二酰辅酶A 裂解酶缺乏症(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase deficiency,HMG)、生物素酶缺乏症(biotinidase deficiency,BTDD)和全羧化酶合成酶缺乏症( holocarboxylase synthetas,HLCS)等[1]。近20 余年随着串联质谱(tandemmass spectrometry,MS/MS)和GC/MS 技术应用于遗传代谢病筛查及检测,有机酸血症的诊断率得到提高。不同国家的有机酸血症发病率存在差异,为1 ∶(10 000 ~ 31 000)[1]。浙江省186 万新生儿筛查资料证实其有机酸血症的总发病率为1 ∶ 20 200,其中MMA 占43.5%,其次为MCCD,占29.3% ,其余为PA、GA- Ⅰ、IVA 等[2]。虽然有机酸血症单病种发病率较低,但因病种较多,整体发病率并不低,且临床表现无特异性,故应重视有机酸血症的检测、诊断及治疗[3-4]。
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关键词:
font-size:10.5pt
有机酸血症')" href="#">">有机酸血症
气相色谱/ 质谱联用技术
新生儿
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收稿日期: 2019-11-11
出版日期: 2020-01-30
发布日期: 2020-01-21
期的出版日期: 2020-01-30
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基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0901500) |
通讯作者:
韩连书https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%9F%A9%E8%BF%9E%E4%B9%A6/15398060?fr=aladdin
E-mail: hanlianshu@xinhuamed.com.cn
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