【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of regulation of S100A4 gene expression by short hairpin RNA(shRNA) technology on proliferation and apoptosis in KLE cells of endometrial cancer. Methods By using shRNA technology, S100A4-OVER and S100A4-shRNA were transfected into endometrial cancer cell KLE. Passive OVER-NC cell line and shRNA-NC cell line were used as negative control group, and non-transfected control cell line as blank control group. After 48 hours of transfection, the expression of S100A4 was detected by real-time flfluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western. CCK-8 and flflow cytometer were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis respectively. Results Compared with the blank control group and the negative control group, the transfection efficiency and shRNA targeting of S100A4 gene interfered by shRNA technology at the level of gene and protein expression were verified, and the expression of S100A4 gene in endometrial cancer cells was determined. CCK-8 detection and flflow cytometer showed that the proliferation rate of KLE cells in S100A4-OVER group was significantly higher than that in the other four groups, the proliferation rate of S100A4-shRNA cells decreased slightly, the apoptotic rate of KLE cells in S100AR-shRNA group increased significantly, and the apoptotic rate of KLE cells in S100A4-OVER group decreased compared with negative control group. Conclusions By inflfluencing the expression of S100A4 gene, the expression of S100A4 gene is enhanced, which can promote the proliferation of KLE cells of endometrial cancer.However, the inhibition of S100A4 gene expression can promote the proliferation and apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells. The expression of S100A4 is closely related to the biological characteristics of endometrial cancer.