【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Methods　From April 2015 to September 2016, 120 newborns with hyperbilirubinemia were admitted to neonatology department of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing. The basic situation, primary diseases, treatment and outcomes were analyzed. Results　A total of 85 cases (70.8%, 85/120) were full-term infants. Thirty cases (25%, 30/120) were preterm infants. Five cases (4.2%, 5/120) were post-term infants. The onset date of 69 cases (57.5%, 69/120) was less than seven days after birth, and that of the other 51 cases (42.5%, 51/120) was equal or more than seven days. Non infection factors accounted for 64.2% (77/120), infection factors accounted for 32.5% (39/120), and unknown etiology accounted for 3.3% (4/120). The proportion of primary diseases in cases aged ﹤ 7 days was as follows: infection, perinatal asphyxia, breast milk jaundice and ABO blood group incompatible hemolysis. The proportion of primary diseases in cases aged ≥ 7 days was: breast milk jaundice, infection and perinatal asphyxia. 114 cases (95%, 114/120) were cured, 6 cases improved (5%, 6/120). None suffered blood transfusion or bilirubin encephalopathy. 

Conclusions  Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is caused by many factors. The treatment should be analyzed individually to prevent the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy.