发育医学电子杂志 2015, Vol. 3 Issue (1): 1-7,13
围产医学
专题笔谈
|新生儿
|
出生缺陷及常见出生缺陷 早期诊断和干预
成胜权
第四军医大学西京医院
Birth defects and early diagnosis and intervention to the common birth defects
CHENG Sheng-quan
摘要 出生缺陷(birth defect,BD),又称先天异 常(congenital anomalies), 是指婴儿出生前发 生的身体结构、功能或代谢异常。BD 的定义涉 及广泛,疾病种类繁多,包括先天畸形,先天性 代谢病,染色体异常,先天性宫内感染所致的异
常,以及先天发育残疾如盲、聋、智力障碍等。 BD 中最重要和最常见的是先天畸形(congenital malformation),后者是专指以形态结构异常为主 要特征,约占BD 的60% ~ 70%[1] 。近年来,美 国将孤独症也纳入到先天发育残疾的研究之中。
BD 可由染色体畸变和基因突变等遗传因素,病毒 感染、化学物质、辐射等环境因素, 或遗传因素和 环境因素交互作用或其他不明原因所致。
关键词:
出生缺陷
新生儿
先天性甲状腺功能低下
收稿日期: 2014-09-03
出版日期: 2015-01-30
发布日期: 2019-07-19
期的出版日期: 2015-01-30
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